Major Differences Between a Bank and NBFC

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Major Differences Between a Bank and NBFC

Registrationwala

For financial services, two types of institutions are famous - Non-Banking Financial institutions and Banks. These both are financial institutions that cater for the financial needs of the customers. Banks are the traditional way of investing money and many people trust banks as they are backed by the government.

 

The NBFC is quite a new perspective as compared to banks. These institutions provide lending services to customers without heavy paperwork and security. They cover people from lower financial backgrounds. In this article, we shared the difference between banks and NBFCs.

What are Non-Banking Financial Companies?

The NBFC is a company registered under the Companies Act, of 1956. Its business activities are providing loans and advances, acquisition of shares/ stocks/ bonds/ debentures/ securities issued by the Government or local authorities or other marketable securities. It can conduct different financial activities, only if it has an NBFC license.

 

The business can include leasing, hire-purchase, insurance business, and chit business. But it should not include any institution whose principal business is in agriculture activity, industrial activity, purchase or sale of any goods (other than securities) or providing any services and sale/ purchase/ construction of immovable property.

 

However, a Non-Banking Financial Institution (NBFC) receives any deposit under any scheme or arrangement in one lump sum or instalments by way of contributions or in any other way, the company is known as a non-banking financial company.

What are Banks?

Banks are financial institutions that accept deposits from customers for different accounts such as current accounts, savings accounts, joint accounts, etc. In return for these deposits, the bank provides some rate of interest on the amount as per the type of account chosen by the customers. The banks have two major types - private banks and public banks. Having a banking license is important to start providing financial services.

 

However, the rules for these banks are set by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). However, these banks must follow the rules and regulations set by RBI to avoid any penalty. The Banking Companies Act of India, 1949 explains banking as accepting public money deposits for lending and investment which are then repaid on demand and withdrawn by cheque or draft. 

 

So, the banks are the institutions that ensure that the public financial needs are fulfilled through different products and services. Below are some essential services offered by the banks are as follows: 

Difference Between NBFCs and Banks

Non-banking financial companies (NBFCs) have a lending and investments business similar to banks. But there are some differences and these are as follows:

NBFCs

Banks

The NBFCs are financial institutions regulated under the Companies Act 1956.

The banks are regulated by the government under the RBI Act, of 1934 and the Banking Regulation Act, of 1949.

NBFCs provide services such as savings and investment plans, stock, insurance facilities, mutual funds, etc.

Banks provide services in accepting deposits, loan advancements, guarantees, credit cards, remittance of funds, cheque payments, etc.

The NBFCs are allowed for foreign investment up to a maximum of 100%.

The foreign capital is allowed upto 74% for banks.

In the NBFC, no need to maintain Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) and Statutory Liquidity Ratios (SLR).

The banks mandatorily maintain the CRR and SLR ratios.

There is no credit creation for NBFCs.

Banks are involved in creating credits.

NBFC does not provide transactional services.

The banks provide transactional services such as cash withdrawals, cheques, money transfers and now even online payments.

The NBFC cannot accept demand deposits.

The bank accepts deposits repayable on demand.

NBFCs do not form part of the payment and settlement system and cannot issue cheques drawn on itself.

The banks can self-draw a cheque.

Deposit insurance facility of Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation is not available to depositors of NBFCs.

The facility is available in the banks.

Conclusion

To conclude, banks and NBFCs are both financial service providers, regulated by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). The working models of these two are different. The primary function of banks is to accept deposits and grant loans in return for some security. 

 

The NBFC also cater for the financial needs of customers and provides lending services. The eligibility of NBFC to provide loans is not complex as compared to the banks. NBFC does not require heavy paperwork to provide loans. The compliances of banks are strict as compared to NBFC. If you want to register an NBFC, then reach out to Registrationwala. We help you with applying to finally obtain an NBFC license.

 

Also Read: NBFC FD vs Bank FD

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